Mathematical Symbols in LaTeX

LaTeX provides a vast collection of mathematical symbols. This guide covers the most commonly used symbols and how to typeset them in your documents.

Copy common math symbols

Need the character as well as its command? Copy the plus-or-minus symbol (±), not equal sign (≠), or all real numbers symbol (ℝ) with Unicode, HTML, keyboard, and LaTeX values.

Greek Letters

Greek letters are frequently used in mathematical notation:

Letter	Lowercase	Result
Alpha	`\alpha`
Beta	`\beta`
Gamma	`\gamma`
Delta	`\delta`
Epsilon	`\epsilon`
Zeta	`\zeta`
Theta	`\theta`
Pi	`\pi`
Sigma	`\sigma`
Omega	`\omega`

Mathematical Operators

Common mathematical operators and their LaTeX commands:

Type	Command	Description
Basic	`\pm`	Plus-minus
Basic	`\mp`	Minus-plus
Basic	`\times`	Multiplication
Basic	`\div`	Division
Basic	`\cdot`	Center dot
Comparison	`\leq`	Less than or equal
Comparison	`\geq`	Greater than or equal
Comparison	`\neq`	Not equal
Comparison	`\approx`	Approximately equal
Comparison	`\equiv`	Equivalent

Set Theory Symbols

Symbols commonly used in set theory:

Command	Result	Description
`\in`		Element of
`\notin`		Not an element of
`\subset`		Subset
`\subseteq`		Subset or equal
`\cup`		Union
`\cap`		Intersection
`\emptyset`		Empty set
`\forall`		For all
`\exists`		There exists
`\nexists`		There does not exist

Arrows

Various arrow symbols and their meanings:

Command	Result	Description
`\rightarrow`		Right arrow
`\leftarrow`		Left arrow
`\Rightarrow`		Double right arrow
`\Leftarrow`		Double left arrow
`\leftrightarrow`		Left-right arrow
`\mapsto`		Maps to

Remember to include \usepackage{amssymb} in your document preamble to access the full range of mathematical symbols.

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Mathematical Symbols in LaTeX

LaTeX provides a vast collection of mathematical symbols. This guide covers the most commonly used symbols and how to typeset them in your documents.

Copy common math symbols

Need the character as well as its command? Copy the plus-or-minus symbol (±), not equal sign (≠), or all real numbers symbol (ℝ) with Unicode, HTML, keyboard, and LaTeX values.

Greek Letters

Greek letters are frequently used in mathematical notation:

Letter	Lowercase	Result
Alpha	`\alpha`
Beta	`\beta`
Gamma	`\gamma`
Delta	`\delta`
Epsilon	`\epsilon`
Zeta	`\zeta`
Theta	`\theta`
Pi	`\pi`
Sigma	`\sigma`
Omega	`\omega`

Mathematical Operators

Common mathematical operators and their LaTeX commands:

Type	Command	Description
Basic	`\pm`	Plus-minus
Basic	`\mp`	Minus-plus
Basic	`\times`	Multiplication
Basic	`\div`	Division
Basic	`\cdot`	Center dot
Comparison	`\leq`	Less than or equal
Comparison	`\geq`	Greater than or equal
Comparison	`\neq`	Not equal
Comparison	`\approx`	Approximately equal
Comparison	`\equiv`	Equivalent

Set Theory Symbols

Symbols commonly used in set theory:

Command	Result	Description
`\in`		Element of
`\notin`		Not an element of
`\subset`		Subset
`\subseteq`		Subset or equal
`\cup`		Union
`\cap`		Intersection
`\emptyset`		Empty set
`\forall`		For all
`\exists`		There exists
`\nexists`		There does not exist

Arrows

Various arrow symbols and their meanings:

Command	Result	Description
`\rightarrow`		Right arrow
`\leftarrow`		Left arrow
`\Rightarrow`		Double right arrow
`\Leftarrow`		Double left arrow
`\leftrightarrow`		Left-right arrow
`\mapsto`		Maps to

Remember to include \usepackage{amssymb} in your document preamble to access the full range of mathematical symbols.

Try it free

Skip the syntax — let AI write it.

Snap a photo of an equation, a table, or full handwritten notes and Underleaf turns it into clean, compilable LaTeX in seconds. 10 free credits every month, no credit card required.

Convert your page

$Handwritten notes converted into a typeset LaTeX document$

Mathematical Symbols in LaTeX

Copy common math symbols

Greek Letters

Mathematical Operators

Set Theory Symbols

Arrows

Skip the syntax — let AI write it.

Mathematical Symbols in LaTeX

Copy common math symbols

Greek Letters

Mathematical Operators

Set Theory Symbols

Arrows

Skip the syntax — let AI write it.

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